Exfoliation / Renewal

Tartaric Acid

INCI: Tartaric Acid · CAS 87-69-4

Tartaric acid is an alpha hydroxy acid from grapes, used in skincare for gentle exfoliation and as a pH buffer that helps stabilise multi-acid formulas.

INCITartaric Acid
CAS87-69-4
Also known asAHA, grape acid
Use leveltypically 1–10% (often in AHA blends)
Solubilitywater-soluble
pH / stabilitymost active around pH 3–4
RegulatoryListed in EU CosIng

What it does

  • Gently exfoliates for smoother, brighter skin.
  • Helps buffer and stabilise acid blends.
  • Common in multi-acid exfoliating products.

How it works

Tartaric acid is a larger AHA widely documented for gentle exfoliation and good buffering behaviour, which makes it useful for keeping multi-acid formulas at a stable, effective pH. Free-acid activity needs a low pH.

Use level

Typical use level
typically 1–10% (often in AHA blends)

Commonly used at 1–10% at low pH, frequently within AHA blends. Increases sun sensitivity when exfoliating.

Formulation considerations

  • Water-soluble; low pH drives exfoliation.
  • Good buffering behaviour in acid blends.
  • Sun-sensitivity labelling applies.

What it pairs with & what to avoid

Pairs well with

  • Other AHAs (blends)
  • Hydrators

Use with care / avoid

  • Skipping sunscreen

Regulatory status

Tartaric acid is listed in the EU CosIng database. As an AHA it carries sun-sensitivity labelling considerations.

Common questions

What does tartaric acid do?

It gently exfoliates and helps buffer acid blends to a stable, effective pH.

What percentage of tartaric acid is used?

Commonly 1–10% at low pH, often within a blend.

Is tartaric acid gentle?

It is a larger, comparatively gentle AHA, often used alongside others.

Related monographs

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