Exfoliation / Renewal

Gluconolactone (PHA)

INCI: Gluconolactone · CAS 90-80-2

Gluconolactone is a polyhydroxy acid (PHA) used as a very gentle exfoliant that also hydrates and provides antioxidant support, suiting sensitive skin that cannot tolerate stronger acids.

INCIGluconolactone
CAS90-80-2
Also known asPHA, polyhydroxy acid
Use leveltypically 3–10%
Solubilitywater-soluble
pH / stabilitymost active around pH 3–4
RegulatoryListed in EU CosIng

What it does

  • Gently exfoliates the skin surface with minimal irritation.
  • Hydrates (it is also a humectant) and provides antioxidant support.
  • A good option for sensitive skin and for building acid tolerance.

How it works

Gluconolactone is a polyhydroxy acid — a larger, multi-hydroxyl molecule that exfoliates like an AHA but more slowly and gently, with humectant and antioxidant properties. It is widely documented as suitable for sensitive and rosacea-prone skin and is generally considered less photosensitising than classic AHAs.

Use level

Typical use level
typically 3–10%

Commonly used at 3–10% at low pH. A gentle entry point to chemical exfoliation.

Formulation considerations

  • Water-soluble; low pH drives exfoliation.
  • Also acts as a humectant, so it is less drying than some acids.
  • Generally well tolerated by sensitive skin.

What it pairs with & what to avoid

Pairs well with

  • Hydrators and soothing actives
  • Niacinamide

Use with care / avoid

  • Over-layering with other strong acids

Regulatory status

Gluconolactone is listed in the EU CosIng database and is a well-established gentle exfoliant.

Common questions

What is a PHA?

A polyhydroxy acid — a gentle, larger-molecule exfoliant (such as gluconolactone) that also hydrates, suiting sensitive skin.

Is gluconolactone good for sensitive skin?

Yes; PHAs are widely documented as gentle and are often recommended for sensitive and rosacea-prone skin.

What percentage of gluconolactone is used?

Commonly 3–10% at low pH.

Related monographs

The SBCT Labs Ingredient Suite is a free, independent educational resource for cosmetic R&D teams and formulators. It is provided for reference only and is not sales material — SBCT Labs does not necessarily supply the ingredients described here.

About SBCT Labs →
Related SBCT actives

Need an active built for your brief?

The Ingredient Suite is free and educational. Separately, SBCT develops and supplies cosmetic actives — botanical, fermentation and synthesis — made in India, formulated to your concept. Tell us the concern and format and we’ll send an evaluation sample.